(Via Slashdot) Science News Online has an article entitled Weighing In on City Planning. The article discusses research into the question of whether urban sprawl contributes to obesity in a city’s residents.
[Lawrence Frank] and other researchers have evidence that associates health problems with urban sprawl, a loose term for humanmade landscapes characterized by a low density of buildings, dependence on automobiles, and a separation of residential and commercial areas. Frank proposes that sprawl discourages physical activity, but some researchers suggest that people who don’t care to exercise choose suburban life. Besides working to settle that disagreement, researchers are looking at facets of urban design that may shortchange health.
As scientists investigate the relationship between sprawl and obesity, a compact style of city development sometimes called smart growth might become a tool in the fight for the nation’s health. However, University of Toronto economist Matthew Turner charges that “a lot of people out there don’t like urban sprawl, and those people are trying to hijack the obesity epidemic to further the smart-growth agenda [and] change how cities look.”
There is an association between the amount of time people spend in cars and how much they weigh and a similar association between the amount of time people walk (and the “walkability” of their cities) and how much they weigh. Apparently a typical white male living in a compact, mixed-use community weighs about 10 pounds less than a smilar man living in a diffuse subdivision containing nothing by homes. There might be a chicken & egg problem here, however. It may be that people with health habits and other propensities toward weight gain might choose neighborhoods where driving is the easiest way to get around. Other researchers challenge that hypothesis for a variety of reasons.
Locally, I suppose, this might put Gov. Daniels fitness agenda at odds with his road-building agenda. Though, to be fair, to date, his toll road proposals probably have more inter-city impact than intra-city impact.